Analisis Determinan Kejadian Pneumonia (J18) Berdasarkan Rekam Medis Pasien Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Kaliwates Jember

Santoso, Noviva Maulita (2025) Analisis Determinan Kejadian Pneumonia (J18) Berdasarkan Rekam Medis Pasien Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Kaliwates Jember. Undergraduate thesis, Politeknik Negeri Jember.

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Abstract

Pneumonia is a serious inflammation of lung tissue caused by attacks from pathogens. At Kaliwates General Hospital Jember, pneumonia consistently ranked among the top 10 diseases from 2022-2024 and was the most frequently diagnosed condition, with a total of 3,570 cases. This study aims to analyze the determinant factors for pneumonia incidence, namely age, severe illness causing weakness, chronic respiratory diseases, prolonged bed rest, malnutrition, and respiratory infections viral infections. A case control study design was applied using 225 inpatient medical record for the pneumonia group and 225 for the control group, selected using quota sampling technique. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate (chi-square test). The univariate results of the frequency distribution of pneumonia determinants showed that most pneumonia patients were <65 years old (89.8%), had no history of severe illness that caused weakness (86.2%), no history of chronic respiratory disease (76.2%), no history of prolonged bed rest (95.6%), no history of malnutrition (76.9%), and no history of viral respiratory infection (98,2%) between the incidence of pneumonia. The results of the chi-square test showed a significant association in the variables of severe pain causing weakness (p-value = 0.020; OR = 2.237), chronic respiratory disease (p-value = 0.000; OR = 69.023), prolonged bed rest (p-value = 0.015; OR = 10.419), malnutrition (p-value = 0.000; OR = 5.335) with pneumonia. In conclusion, the determinants of pneumonia incidence were severe illness causing weakness, chronic respiratory disease, prolonged bed rest and malnutrition. It is recommended that the government promote vaccination efforts. Hospitals improve the completeness of medical record documentation , and the public adopt healthy lifestyles to prevent pneumonia.

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