Starting Life with Hidden Wound: Bullying and Self-Reported Depression Symptoms among Early Adolescent in 3 Cities of Indonesia

Abdi Suandana, Iwan and Wahyu Pinandari, Anggriyani and Agus Wilopo, Siswanto (2024) Starting Life with Hidden Wound: Bullying and Self-Reported Depression Symptoms among Early Adolescent in 3 Cities of Indonesia. Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education, 12 (SI1). pp. 86-96. ISSN 2540-9972

Text (Hasil Similarity) Hasil Cek Similarity - Starting Life with Hidden Wound_ Bullying and Self-Reported Depression Symptoms among Early Adolescent in 3 Cities of Indonesia.pdf - Supplemental Material Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike. Download (3MB)

Abstract

Background: Previous research revealed that bullying cause depression symptoms such as lack enthusiasm, anxious, being sensitive, and easily offended. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between bullying and self-reported depression in early adolescents using cross-sectional approach for Indonesia Global Early Adolescent Study data. Method: Depression symptom was collected using self-registered questionnaire about sadness, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and self-injury ideation from 4,684 students (2,207 boys and 2,477 girls). Logistic regressions were used to examine how bullying, and multilevel factors predict depression. Most adolescent aged 12-13 years old, living with complete parents, middle-up economic background, having hand-phone and using social media. Results: Adolescent reported experience at least 3 depression symptoms (60%), bullying (45%) and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs; 70%). Result shows that boys (OR[CI];1.73[1.45,2.06]), having ≥5 ACEs (OR[CI];1.35[1.20,1.51]), living with relative (OR[CI];4.52[3.67,5.56]), spent more time with peers (OR[CI];1.52[1.33,1.73]), feeling unsafe (OR[CI];1.79[1.59,2.02]), having negative social-cohesion (OR[CI];1.50[1.34,1.67]) and high social-control (OR[CI];1.40[1.24,1.58]) are more likely to report depression. Conclusion: Multivariable analysis reveals significant association only on ACEs, time spent with peers, unsafe feeling, negative social-cohesion and high social-control. Bullying strongly predicts depression when adjusted by family and community variables only. Bullying prevention program should address other socialization agents such as peers, parents, teacher and community leader.

Actions (login required)

View Item