Peningkatan Kualitas Biogas Dengan Penambahan Arang Sekam Padi Hasil Aktivasi H3PO4 Sebagai Aditif Dalam Mengurangi Kandungan CO2

Prasetia, Aditya Ahmad Budi (2026) Peningkatan Kualitas Biogas Dengan Penambahan Arang Sekam Padi Hasil Aktivasi H3PO4 Sebagai Aditif Dalam Mengurangi Kandungan CO2. Undergraduate thesis, Politeknik Negeri Jember.

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Abstract

Biogas is a renewable energy source with significant potential to be developed from livestock waste. However, its quality is often reduced by the high concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), which lowers its calorific value and combustion efficiency. This study aimed to analyze the effect of adding H3PO4-activated rice husk charcoal on biogas quality based on CH4 and CO2 contents, flame color, flame burning duration, biogas volume, and biogas production rate. The study employed laboratory-scale biodigesters using goat manure as the primary substrate, with the addition of H3PO4-activated rice husk charcoal at concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Observations were conducted for 21 days. The CH4 and CO2 contents were analyzed through laboratory testing, while combustion quality was evaluated based on flame color and burning duration. The results showed that the 10% H3PO4 activation treatment (P3) produced the best performance, with a CH4 content of 39.56%, a CO2 content of 21.93%, a CO2 reduction efficiency of 20.25%, and a flame burning duration of 177 seconds. The highest biogas volume was obtained in treatment P0, reaching 2,523 mL on the 13th day. All treatments exhibited a similar biogas production pattern, in which biogas volume gradually increased until reaching its peak on the 13th day and subsequently decreased until the end of the observation period. The study concluded that the addition of H3PO4-activated rice husk charcoal was effective in improving biogas quality, with an activator concentration of 10% identified as the optimum condition

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