Improving Anther Regeneration in Two Transgenic Rice (Oryza sativa) Genotypes using Cold Pre-Treatment

Ermawati, Netty and Bintoro, Mochamat and Sugiharto, Bambang (2022) Improving Anther Regeneration in Two Transgenic Rice (Oryza sativa) Genotypes using Cold Pre-Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY, 28 (3). pp. 175-180. ISSN 1814–9596

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Abstract

Anther culture is one of the in vitro culture techniques that can be used to obtain genetic diversity of plants. Pure line can be obtained rapidly from the pollen that establishes the plantlets. Induction of callus from the anther is influenced by the ability of anther to change from the gametofitic to sporofit pathway, and cold pre-culture have an important role in the changes of these pathways. This research aims to determine the optimum temperature of cold pre-treatment in the anther of two transgenic rice genotypes on the increasing callus induction and plant regeneration. Anther from two genotypes of transgenic rice overexpressed protein kinase OsWee1 gene was used in this study. The first factor was transgenic rice genotypes, and the second was cold pre-culture at 4, 7 and 15°C. The results showed that two of transgenic rice genotypes responded differently to the cold pre-treatment. Cold pre-treatment at 7°C provided significant variation in callus induction and plant regeneration of rice, evident with decreasing percentage of anther browning, rapidity in inducing callus formation, number of callus, number of embryogenic callus, and number of plantlet. However, transgenic line from OG#1 genotype was more responsive to cold pre-culture compared to the OS#9 genotype in all paramaters observed. The results of present study suggest that the anther of transgenic line OG#1 genotype had a greater potential to be used in producing homozygous plants and to develope doubling haploid. The potential of the anther is not controlled by the transformed gene in rice plants, but rather the host plant genotypes.

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